The two-day conference “Chloroplast Biology 2023” aims to provide an opportunity to present current research on chloroplasts and to strengthen collaboration between scientists. The conference will focus on the latest advances in chloroplast biology research, covering both fundamental and applied aspects. With approximately 80 participants, 24 oral presentations, two poster sessions and various opportunities for informal interactions, this event will encourage the active participation of scientists working in chloroplast biology from around the world.